How to Cite a Book in Vancouver Style

Learn the exact format with examples, in-text citations, and common mistakes to avoid.

Citation Format

Basic Template

[#] Author(s). Book Title. Edition. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year.

Citation Components

Reference Number

Numbered [1], [2], etc.

Author(s)

Last name Initial(s).

Book Title

Sentence case. Not italicized in Vancouver.

Edition

2nd ed., Revised ed., etc. Omit for first edition.

Place: Publisher

City: Publisher name; Year

Real-World Example

Example Source

number

1

author

Gaw A, Cowan RA, O'Reilly DSJ

title

Clinical biochemistry: an illustrated colour text

edition

6th ed.

place

Edinburgh

publisher

Elsevier

year

2019

Formatted Citation

[1] Gaw A, Cowan RA, O'Reilly DSJ. Clinical biochemistry: an illustrated colour text. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2019.

In-Text Citation

[1]

[1], [2], [3]

Common Mistakes

Wrong:

[1] Gaw, A., Cowan, R.A., & O'Reilly, D.S.J. (2019). Clinical Biochemistry: An Illustrated Colour Text. 6th Edition. Elsevier: Edinburgh.

Right:

[1] Gaw A, Cowan RA, O'Reilly DSJ. Clinical biochemistry: an illustrated colour text. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2019.

Why: Use initials without periods, no commas after names, sentence case for title, and Place: Publisher; Year format with semicolon.

Wrong:

[1]. Gaw et al. 2019. Biochemistry. Edinburgh, Scotland.

Right:

[1] Gaw A, Cowan RA, O'Reilly DSJ. Clinical biochemistry: an illustrated colour text. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2019.

Why: List all authors (or at least first 3), include full title, include edition, and publisher name.

Wrong:

[1] Gaw A et al. 2019. Clinical biochemistry. Elsevier, Edinburgh.

Right:

[1] Gaw A, Cowan RA, O'Reilly DSJ. Clinical biochemistry: an illustrated colour text. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2019.

Why: Don't use 'et al.' in reference list. Use commas between authors. Use Place: Publisher; Year format.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to include the place of publication?

Yes, Vancouver requires: Place of publication: Publisher; Year.

How do I cite an edited book?

Same format, but list editor(s): Editor A, Editor B, editors. Book Title. Place: Publisher; Year.

What if there's no publication place?

Use [Place of publication unknown]: Publisher; Year.

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